HIV
Disease
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Russia warned about HIV epidemic...epidemic in Russia is now out of control. Robin Gorna, head of the International Aids Society, urged Russia to do much more to prevent the spread of HIV among an estimated two million drug users. Ms Gorna was speaking ahead of a major... In this article: HIV, Russia, Heroin, Methadone, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and Moscow |
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The Australian | November 15, 2009
Global Fund Extension of HIV Prevention Programmes
...Programmes Monday, 16 November 2009, 2:29 pm Global Fund Extension of HIV Prevention Programmes for People at High Risk for HIV in Russia Will Save Thousands of Young Lives International AIDS Society and International Harm...
In this article: Global Fund, Russia, World Health Organization, Nablus, Ideology, Asian Human Rights Commission, AIDS, and Methadone
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Medical News Today | 6 days ago
New York Times Magazine Examines Needle-Exchange Programs
Rosenberg suggests that "Russia needs needle exchange more than any other country: its HIV epidemic is large, one of the fastest-growing in the world, and perhaps the most dominated by injecting drug use" (11/17). This...
In this article: New York Times Magazine, AIDS Prevention, Transmission, Terrence Higgins Trust, Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, and Russia
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Experts Urge Russia To Drop Abstinence-Focused HIV Strategy
Experts Urge Russia To Drop Abstinence-Focused HIV Strategy Article Date: 02 Nov 2009 - 1:00 PST Experts at an HIV/AIDS conference in Russia on Wednesday urged Russian officials to end the country's focus on abstinence as a strategy for...
In this article: Russia, Hiv/aids, Global Fund, Transmission, Ideology, Methadone, Malaria, and Heroin
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Miami Herald - Breaking News | November 11, 2009
Russia launches program to save Siberian tiger
Russia launches program to save Siberian tiger AIDS experts say Russia needs new HIV strategy AIDS experts urged Russian officials on Wednesday to scrap their abstinence-based strategy for curbing the spread of HIV, saying the country's...
In this article: Tiger, Russia, Vladimir Putin, European Union, George W. Bush, and AIDS
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Centre Daily Times | October 28, 2009
AIDS experts say Russia needs new HIV strategy
...an October report by the United Nations Office on Drug Control. Though Russia has adopted federal laws forbidding discrimination against HIV-positive individuals, widespread discrimination continues, according to a December 2008 United...
In this article: Russia, Global Fund, Heroin, Transmission, and United Nations
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Telegraph.co.uk - All news | 7 hours ago
Beauty queen's woes reflect HIV stigma in Russia
Beauty queen's woes reflect HIV stigma in Russia Svetlana Izambayeva wants to free her little brother from an orphanage but there's a big problem: she's HIV-positive and this is Russia. By Elise Menand, in Kazan for AFP Published: 11:26AM...
In this article: Russia, Moscow, World AIDS Day, and AIDS
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Description from Wikipedia:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a member of the retrovirus family) that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. Previous names for the virus include human T-lymphotropic virus-III (HTLV-III), lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV), and AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV).
Infection with HIV occurs by the transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk. Within these bodily fluids, HIV is present as both free virus particles and virus within infected immune cells. The four major routes of transmission are unprotected sexual intercourse, contaminated needles, breast milk, and transmission from an infected mother to her baby at birth (Vertical transmission). Screening of blood products for HIV has largely eliminated transmission through blood transfusions or infected blood products in the developed world.
HIV primarily infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4 T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4 T cells through three main mechanisms: firstly, direct viral killing of infected cells; secondly, increased rates of apoptosis in infected cells; and thirdly, killing of infected CD4 T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize infected cells. When CD4 T cell numbers decline below a critical level, cell-mediated immunity is lost, and the body becomes progressively more susceptible to opportunistic infections.
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